What is a criterion used to assess changes in system behavior or capability that measures the attainment of an end state?

The selected answer, "Measure of Effectiveness," is the correct choice because it refers specifically to criteria that evaluate how well a system or operation achieves its intended end state or objectives. This concept focuses on the outcomes of military actions and whether they are meeting established goals. In the context of military operations and fire support, it looks at the impact of actions rather than just the activities performed.

A Measure of Effectiveness is crucial for determining success because it provides insight into whether a specific project or operation is fulfilling its purpose in the broader operational landscape. These measures often consider the operational environment, the enemy's response, and the overall mission objectives, ensuring a comprehensive assessment of capability and performance.

In contrast, other concepts like Assessment generally encompass a broader review of activities or systems without necessarily linking directly to end states. A Measure of Performance focuses more on how well an action or task is executed rather than evaluating its effectiveness towards achieving an overarching goal. Lastly, Patterns of Life typically refer to behavioral patterns observed in specific environments rather than serving as a direct measure of operational effectiveness or performance, making them less relevant in this context.