What is a type of offensive operation that usually follows a successful attack and is designed to disorganize the enemy in depth?

The correct answer is associated with the concept of conducting operations that take advantage of a breakthrough or success gained during an initial attack. Exploitation is specifically designed to maintain the momentum of a successful offensive operation, facilitating further advancement into enemy territory. By disorganizing the enemy in depth, forces can create confusion and impede their ability to respond effectively, thus maximizing the benefits of the initial assault.

This type of operation often involves rapid maneuvers and engagements with enemy forces that are already in disarray due to the preceding attack. The goal is to press into the enemy's rear areas, sever lines of supply, and disrupt their command and control, leading to a further collapse of their defense.

While other options like deep fires and attack focus on different aspects of military operations, they do not encapsulate the primary intention of destabilizing the enemy following an initial victory as effectively as exploitation does. Disruption operations can share similarities but are generally broader in scope and not exclusively tied to the follow-on actions from a successful attack. Thus, exploitation best fits the description of the operation aimed at taking advantage of a preceding success to further degrade the enemy's capability.