What is the process of measurement of a feature or location on the earth to determine an absolute latitude, longitude, and elevation?

The process of measurement of a feature or location on the earth to determine an absolute latitude, longitude, and elevation is known as mensuration. This term specifically refers to the scientific process of acquiring accurate measurements of features on the earth's surface, which is essential for mapping, navigation, and various military operations, including fire support planning.

Mensuration involves utilizing various techniques and tools, such as GPS, photogrammetry, and surveying instruments, to capture precise geographical data. This data provides the necessary information for military operations to ensure that weapon systems are accurately targeted based on verified locations.

Targeting refers to the broader practice of identifying specific points or areas for engagement, while accuracy relates to the precision of measurements or data obtained, but does not specifically address the measurement process itself. Orienting typically involves aligning or positioning oneself or equipment in relation to the environment, which is not the core focus of determining absolute coordinates and elevations. Thus, mensuration is the only term specifically aligned with the accurate measurement of geographical features.